Surprising summer threats to your dog
By Ann Hoevel, CNN
Mon August 12, 2013
(CNN) -- Summertime means fun in the sun, and dog owners often
include their pets in outdoor activities like hiking, swimming, camping
and running in the park or even on the beach.
As healthy as outdoor activities can be, they can pose unique
dangers for our canine friends, said Kristina Knox, a veterinary
technician at Cumberland Animal Clinic in Smyrna, Georgia. Here's
what to look for in order to keep your dog happy and healthy as
temperatures soar.
Hot sidewalks
If the sidewalk, parking lot or driveway where you're walking your dog
is too hot for you to walk barefoot, it's too hot for your dog. They can
burn their paws.
"When you feel the bottom of a dog's pad, especially when they're
young, it feels like the skin on your foot," Knox said.
In suburban areas that aren't shaded by large buildings or trees,
concrete and asphalt can bake in the hot summer sun. "People make
a big mistake by putting their dog in the back of a truck in summer,"
Knox said.
Dogs can be stoic about pain. It can be difficult to tell that they've
burned their feet, she said -- and it's hard to keep them off their feet
while they're trying to heal.
Sunburn
A dog with sunburn will have many of the same indications as a
person with sunburn: The skin is extremely red and sensitive to touch
and feels hot. Sometimes, it can blister or scab. Dogs and cats with
white fur are especially susceptible, Knox said.
Long-haired dogs who get "summer haircuts" are also at risk for
sunburn, Knox said. "A lot of times, with the long hair, you shave
them down really close. After 30 minutes in the sun or more, you're
going to have problems."
One solution she recommends is to put sunscreen for infants (which
does not include zinc) on your dog to protect them from those
harmful rays. Just make sure they don't lick it, she said.
Hot cars and overheating
One of the biggest mistakes people make in summer is to
underestimate how dangerous a hot car can be, Knox said.
A dog's normal temperature is much higher than that of a person, she
said, usually 105 to 108 degrees. When people get in a hot car,
they're already cooler and can sweat to cool off more; dogs can't do
that. Dogs can pant, and they sweat only through their ears and the
bottoms of their feet.
"So when you leave a dog in a car, it takes only several seconds for
that car to heat up," she said. "Even if you think, 'Oh, it's a little
breezy outside; I'll just crack the windows; the dog will be fine,' that
dog has no way to regulate his body temperature." The result, she
said, can be stroke.
Overheated dogs appear dizzy, Knox said. Their footing is unsure,
and they are disoriented. The bigger and longer their tongues are as
they pant, the more likely they are to have heat exhaustion, she said.
As with a dog in a hot car, if your dog displays these symptoms, they
could have a stroke, Knox said. When in doubt, use a rectal
thermometer to take their temperature.
Dehydration
Make sure your dog has access to water in the summer,
and don't leave them outside for long periods of time, she
said.
It's not easy to tell whether your dog is dehydrated, and it
can be a symptom of other kinds of illnesses. "The thing
you have to do is start swiping your dog's gums," Knox
said. "Just lift up their lip and take one good swoop on
their gums. It should feel nice and wet, slick to you." If the
gums feel dry, tacky or sticky, your dog is already affected
by dehydration, she said.
Another way to check is to pull up the skin between their
shoulder blades. If the skin falls back slowly, that's a sign of
dehydration.
If you can see that your dog is dehydrated, it's time to
head to the vet. They might hook your dog up to an IV for
quicker hydration, and check for other problems.
Fleas and ticks
Dogs are mostly stricken with allergic reactions to flea
bites. They are allergic to flea saliva, Knox said. A dog's
histamine reaction to the bite can include itchy, inflamed
skin and even hair loss. Or, as they chew an area of their
body with fleas, they could ingest a live flea, resulting in
tapeworms.
Ticks can carry harmful bacteria; deer ticks, which can
carry Lyme disease, are especially hard to find on dogs
because they are small and flat, not large and gorged with
blood. The best thing to do, Knox said, is to focus on prevention.
Veterinarians can prescribe medications that combat fleas and ticks,
as well as heartworms; Knox said they can be more effective than
over-the-counter products such as flea and tick collars and topical
treatments. Dogs owners in some parts of the country might need to
use these year-round because consistently warm weather allows the
flea population to survive, Knox said.
Stinging insects
Just as with humans, dogs can have dangerous reactions to stinging
insects, Knox said. Their faces can swell, and they can get hives,
throw up or have diarrhea. If their faces are swollen, their throats
could be swollen as well, she said, which can lead to breathing
problems. "Any time you see an animal having trouble after a sting,
you need to have that looked at," she said.
Black widow and brown recluse spider bites can do the same
damage to dogs as they do to humans. "If your dog has been bitten
by something that's highly toxic, typically, they are inconsolable," she
said. "They're snatching around; they're crying out; they're extremely
pained by touch" and need to see a vet quickly.
Swimming
Not every dog is a natural swimmer. Although many dogs can paddle
with grace, once it comes time to get out of the pool, they can get
panicked. Their body momentum is not enough to pull them out of a
pool, and of course, they don't have fingers to grab the edge, Knox
said. "Absolutely, they will wear themselves out, and they will drown,"
she said.
Small dogs, in addition, are threatened by hypothermia in the pool.
Remember that dogs need to cool off and warm up slowly, she said.
It's difficult for the smaller dogs to regulate their body temperatures in
a pool.
Pool chemicals are harmful to their GI tracts, so don't let them drink
the water, Knox said. Just as dangerous is creek water, which can be
full of single-cell organisms that can cause diarrhea.
Grilling
Don't be fooled by that sweet face begging for a snack while you man
the grill. Many human foods can be dangerous for dogs.
"Dogs should not ever have any type of pork," which is linked to
pancreatitis, she said, along with luncheon meats.
And while the burgers and BBQ are tasty for you, all that extra
grease and sauce can wreak havoc on their digestion, Knox said. Not
only can that piece of barbeque chicken cause diarrhea and possibly
vomiting, she said, bones in the meat could splinter and pierce the
dog's gut.
Storms and fireworks
Throughout summer, dogs are likely to hear a lot of fireworks and, in
some parts of the country, a lot of thunder.
If an animal is anxious or scared by those loud noises, it's important
to keep them in a safe place, like a crate. "We've had dogs try to go
through windows and slice themselves up trying to get out because
they've heard the fireworks. We've had dogs that have mangled the
owner's house when they freaked out," Knox said.
Compression-type wraps like Thundershirts can help some animals
with the anxiety that comes from loud noises, or vets can provide
medication that might help.
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